She worked as a researcher and analyst in the biotech industry and a science editor for an educational publishing company prior to her career as a freelance writer and editor. 108) When we breathe we inhale oxygen, O2, and exhale carbon dioxide, CO2, plus water vapor, H2O. 106) How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp? D) They are of the same age, which is appreciably older than the solar system. The diameter of a nucleus is about 2 10 -15 m and the diameter of an atom is 1 10 -10 m. Therefore the atom is 5 10 4 larger than the nucleus. How long does it take for the actual transition to take place? If 80.0 percent of the atoms have an atomic mass of 80.00 atomic mass units and the other 20.0 percent have an atomic mass of 82.00 atomic mass units, what is the atomic mass of the element? If an atom has 43 electrons, 56 neutrons, and 43 protons, what is its approximate atomic mass? Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. 4 How big would the nucleus be of the atom was the size of an Olympic swimming pool? B) Electrons could only move in discrete energy steps within an atom. Yes, we have enlarged the size off nucleus. C. The shell model is simpler and easy to understand. If the nucleus of an atom was the size of a tennis ball, an electrons distance would depend on the identity of the atom. The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 GeigerMarsden gold foil experiment. If we scale up a hydrogen atom such the the nu, If someone wanted to build a scale model of the atom with a nucleus 1.00 m in d, The electron in a hydrogen atom spends most of its time $0.53 \times 10^{-10} \, If someone wanted to build a scale model of the atom with a nucleus $1.00 \math, A student decides to build a physical model of an atom. C) They behave like restricted waves and are self-reinforcing. You can determine the order of magnitude using scientific notation to express these measurements and quantify the differences. One meter contains 1,000,000,000 nanometers. B) It orbits around the nucleus of an atom. Please check your inbox to confirm. C) The dog is smelling molecules from the cat. If a proton were added to each germanium nucleus, however, you would not want to swallow the capsule because the germanium would, 30) What does the following element description actually mean?18, C) an oxygen atom with 6 protons and 12 neutrons, E) Only two of the above. D. The dog is smelling molecules from the cat. In this example, a stack of 1,000,000 atoms would be the same thickness as sheet of paper. That is Calculate the order of magnitude between two values by subtracting the difference between its two exponents. Why then is it presented? D) A carbon atom has a mass of about 12 amu. The nucleus is the atoms central core and contains more than 99.9 percent of its mass. A) Blue is a higher frequency and therefore corresponds to a higher energy level transition. How does the size of the nucleus compared to the size of the atom? Nobody comparing. Is the head of a politician really made of 99.99999999% empty space? Why? 28) What do the electron configurations for all the group 18 noble gases have in common? If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a (n) walnut. face to drop at the front of the tank and to rise at the rear. Describe the body parts involved in the treatment, using correct directional and regional terms. The repeating trends that take place when examining the elements are called ________. 24) What was Niels Bohr's explanation for the observation of atomic spectra? C) Look at the street lamps through a spectroscope and match their spectral patterns to their respective atomic spectra. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A) element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Boron has primarily two isotopes, one with an atomic mass of 11 amu and another with an atomic mass of 10 amu. here we are given the radio self hard in a town equal to 5.3 times 10 to the power minus 11 meter. Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? Want nine kilometer? Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? What do the electron configurations for all the group 18 noble gases have in common? What was Niels Bohr's explanation for the observation of atomic spectra? why atoms are actually mostly empty space. Using common objects that people are familiar with is better than using abstract landmarks that are difficult to imagine. questions to science@newshour.org with Science Question in the subject line. B. D. You would see a series of very sharp lines of emitted light. The element bromine, Br (atomic number 35), has two major isotopes of similar abundance, both around 50%. 75) Which of the following elements is a gas at room temperature? What happens to the properties of elements across any period of the periodic table? 39) Which element has the atomic number 12? C) The properties of the elements gradually change across any period of the periodic table. A) The shell model is simpler and easy to understand. The following statement describes which subatomic particle best? If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a. einsteindude. As a particle? It has a positive charge equivalent but opposite of an electron's. She upon ladies! In some instances electromagnetic radiation behaves like a wave. If a neutral element has the following chemical notation, how many electrons does it have? Electrons are outside of the nucleus but bound to it by electromagnetic force; protons and neutrons are packed tightly inside, held together by a force thats roughly 100 times stronger than electricity the strong force, its called. A) helium is most similar to other group 18 elements. Our goal is to make science relevant and fun for everyone. C) It is the outermost shell of electrons in an atom. Given the information that 92.58 percent of all lithium atoms found in nature are lithium-7 and 7.42 percent are lithium-6, calculate the atomic mass of lithium, Li (atomic number 3). Which of the following elements is a gas at room temperature? size of a stadium of 100-500 m. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? How is this analogous to the quantized energy levels of an electron in an atom? How is this analogous to the quantized energy levels of an electron in an atom? Five times 10 to the power minus 15. To carry this further, there are 1,000,000 nanometers in a millimeter and 10,000,000 nanometers in a centimeter. 91) If a neutral element has 8 neutrons and 7 electrons, which expression correctly identifies the element? The grain of salt measures 1 x 10-3 m and the baseball measures 1 x 10-1 m. Subtracting -1 from -3 results in an order of magnitude of -2. Embrace security in tow. When we breathe we inhale oxygen, O2, and exhale carbon dioxide, CO2, plus water vapor, H2O. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . An atom is a typical atom is one tenth of a billionth of a meter (1.0 10-10 meters) A basketballs' diameter is 9.5 inches Show full text Using the method presented in Appendix E, construct a concept map illustrating the different concepts to show the relationships among all the gas laws described in this chapter. D. The atomic masses are average atomic masses. of the nucleus is about 0.001 nm. Email your Just Ask! Thermal transport simulations were performed to investigate the important factors affecting the thermal conductivity based on the structure of semi-crystalline polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and the addition of boron nitride (BN) sheets. Maja. This textbook answer is only visible when subscribed! The isotope lithium-7 has a mass of 7.0160 atomic mass units, and the isotope lithium-6 has a mass of 6.0151 atomic mass units. Electrons Electrons are located outside of the nucleus of an atom in the "electron cloud." They are smaller and have less mass than protons and neutrons. If the energy spacing between the levels were equal, would this affect the number of spectral lines? Which color of light comes from a greater energy transition: red or blue? It does not store any personal data. In other instances electromagnetic radiation behaves more like a particle. Order of magnitude. If an atom were the size of a baseball stadium its nucleus would be about the size of what? The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were the detonation of two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August 1945 by the United States. What is the approximate mass of a carbon atom in atomic mass units (amu)? A. equal to the energy of the single frequency. 128) A beam of protons and a beam of neutrons of the same energy are both harmful to living tissue. Off it down is equal to radius of Nicholas to the poverty upon radius of it. Choose the most likely set of mass numbers for these two bromine isotopes. Let this is an M days. How is it possible to deduce the identity of an element from its electron configuration? D. a material consisting of only one type of atom. C) Absorption of light shows particle behavior while bending of light shows wave behavior. taken up by the electron cloud which surrounds the nucleus. These transitions would produce three spectral lines in a spectroscope. If the atom were to increase in size to the size of a basket ball the neutrons,protons ,and electrons would also grow in size. Gaining an electron that has a negative charge would negatively Suppose you compare an atom that has a diameter of 0.1 nm with a size AAA battery that has a diameter of 1 cm. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. 5) Which are older, the atoms in the body of an elderly person or those in the body of a baby? 54) An element has two different isotopes: one that weighs 65 amu and another that weighs 67 amu. Tow the boat. The lit lit are and our this is New Radius is the new Really? 38) Which of the following is most easily understood to be quantized? A farmer has 19 sheep All but 7 die How many are left? Jenny Marder A quick primer on the atom: Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons and electrons. This is she find 65 times 10 to the power minus two meter. If an atom were the size of a baseball, its nucleus would be about the size of a(n) walnut. Carbon dioxide would then have a mass of 44 amu. Consider these atoms: nickel, Ni; calcium, Ca; and silicon, Si. Expert Answer 100% (17 ratings) Transcribed image text: The electron in a hydrogen atom is typically found at a distance of about 5.3 times 10^-11 m from the nucleus, which has a diameter of about 1.0 times 10^-15 m. Suppose the nucleus of the hydrogen atom were enlarged to the size of a baseball (diameter = 7.3 cm). 67) If an element has 18 protons and 20 neutrons and 18 electrons, which expression correctly identifies the element? A. Picture a circular pond with a diameter equal to the length of an Olympic swimming pool, which is about 165 feet (50 meters). 134) Light is emitted as an electron transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. 114) The repeating trends that take place when examining the elements are called. 49) What does the following element description actually mean?238, D) a uranium atom with 92 protons and 146 neutrons. a ping-pong ball. Which behavior more accurately describes the true nature of electromagnetic radiation? What does the following element description actually mean? First you will can sell for a bunch of e Bye from humility in the denominator. The nucleus contains nearly all of the cells DNA, surrounded by a network of fibrous intermediate filaments and enveloped in a double membrane called the nuclear envelope. The mass number of an element is ________. D) A broad spectrum of all colors would be observed. 113) Does it make sense to say that a textbook is about 99.9 percent empty space? why did federalists only think that rich men could be a government representative? depth below the surface? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. How do combined hormone contraceptives, including oral contraceptives, and injectable contraceptives prevent pregnancy? B) a model that illustrates the tendency of an atom to undergo chemical bonding. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. Germanium, Ge (atomic number 32), computer chips operate faster than silicon, Si (atomic number 14), computer chips. Is the nucleus of an atom the size of a baseball? charge the atom. Which of these does not describe a metal at room temperature? The size of the hydrogen atom is about 23,000 times greater than the size of its nucleus. 34) Which contributes more to an atom's mass: electrons or protons? C) The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. The atomic mass of bromine is reported in the periodic table as 79.904 amu. B. 104) What happens to the properties of elements across any period of the periodic table? Copyright 2023 WisdomAnswer | All rights reserved. The periodic table is a reference to be used, not memorized. D. Two of the above are reasonable answers. If an atom were the size of a baseball its nucleus would be about the size of a (n) Answer No one rated this answer yet why not be the first? Because the size of an atom is about 100-500 nm, while the size E) none of the above(no to The electrons smoothly move from one orbit to the next,It is a physical mode,The energy difference between the orbits is continuous,The electrons actually orbit around the nucleus.). How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values? To make things a little weirder, the electron cloud isnt an actual cloud, in which electrons can be nailed down to a physical point in space. 33) Why isn't dirt listed in the periodic table? Since atoms are mostly empty space, why don't objects pass through one another? Referring to Problem $1,$ suppose the nucleus of the hydrogen atom were enlarged to the size of a baseball (diameter $=7.3 \mathrm{cm} ) .$ At what typical distance from the center of the baseball would you expect to find the electron? D) There are many possible combinations of atoms. 19) How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values? 57) Which of these properties describes a metal? Two frequencies of light are emitted. So we have read yourself nucleus. 15) The following statement describes which subatomic particle best?It is a nucleon. The Rutherford-Bohr model of the atom was based on Max Planck's quantum theory of radiation, which explained the spectrum of blackbody radiation, and Albert Einstein's theory of the photoelectric effect, which explained the origin of the spectrum of line emission from atoms. In of whats called hexagonal close packing to pack as many spherical atoms as possible into the cell. For perspective, compare the masses of two objects that can be observed without a microscope and are also separated by several orders of magnitude, such as the mass of a blue whale and a honeybee. No, we wanted it again. From this we can state that the Atom is 99.9999 % empty space. 1996 - 2023 NewsHour Productions LLC. 3 How does the size of the nucleus compared to the size of the atom? 103) A cat strolls across your backyard. So we have one in one nucleus upon William. would be the size of a Baseball! 130) According to the shell model, how many shells are required to describe the periodic table? In which of these two scenarios does the electromagnetic radiation behave as a wave? If a neutral element has 8 neutrons and 7 electrons, which expression correctly identifies the element? The size range of atoms is 1 to 5 angstroms. C, B, A. flea. Which of the following best explains what is happening when an atom emits light? An hour later, a dog with its nose to the ground follows the trail of the cat. atom. Which of the following elements is an alkali metal? So we help we end up on we, uh physical toe radius. Which are older, the atoms in the body of an elderly person or those in the body of a baby? B) If the atom is electrically neutral, the number of electrons corresponds to the atom s atomic. There are many possible combinations of atoms. Report the answers in the correct units. B) You would see a series of very sharp lines of emitted light. And if the nucleus was expanded to the size of a marble, the outer edge of the atom would be nearly a football field away. Most of the space in an atom is These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Assuming that all transitions between levels are possible, how many spectral lines will this atom exhibit? The model of the atom must be 5 10 4 times larger than this. Typically the nucleus contains more than 99.9% of the mass of the atom. To find the difference in the orders of magnitude, subtract the exponent -10 from the exponent -1. Major on DDE radius off nucleus off. B) Neutrons carry no electric charge and thus have a greater likelihood of passing through the. C) When an electron wave is confined, it is reinforced only at particular frequencies. Should the periodic table be memorized? How might you distinguish a sodium-vapor street lamp from a mercury-vapor street lamp? Which is heavier: a water molecule, H2O, or a carbon dioxide molecule, CO2? around 1.2 miles away. 70) Which element has the atomic number 9? 123) Suppose that a certain atom possesses only four distinct energy levels. C. very probable because of how incredibly small atoms are. Suppose that a certain atom possesses only four distinct energy levels. D. If the atom is electrically neutral, the number of electrons corresponds to the atom's atomic number. If you remove two protons and two electrons from a sulfur atom (S), what new element is formed? When comparing atoms to larger objects -- with a large disparity in size -- orders of magnitude show how to quantify the size differences. C. A carbon atom has a mass of about 12 amu. A.P. In the nucleus of the atom, along with neutrons. B. If 80.0 percent of the atoms have an atomic mass of 80.00 atomic mass units and the other 20.0 percent have an atomic mass of 82.00 atomic mass units, what is the atomic mass of the element? 84) If a neutral element has the following chemical symbol, how many electrons does it have?18. Their outermost occupied shells are filled to capacity. 10 to the power minus 11. D) A quantum of light is actually one photon. 42) How many electrons are there in the third shell of sodium, Na (atomic number 11)? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. C. The periodic table lists only elements made of one kind of material. Rather, its an area of probability, in which the size of the atom is defined by the probability that an electron will be found at a certain distance from its nucleus. 52) Which of the following elements will most likely be shiny and malleable? Which of the following describes a nonmetal? The nuclear envelope separates the fluid inside the nucleus, called the nucleoplasm, from the rest of the cell. Off it on physical toe for a bungee bye. So the poetry is you, Kal Toh, Radius of baseball to the bar three upon nudity is offered, um, to the power. C. elements that have some properties like metals and some like nonmetals. are found around the nucleus. Give a possible explanation. 117) According to the shell model, which electrons play the most significant role in determining the properties of an atom? C. Absorption of light shows particle behavior while bending of light shows wave behavior. 10 - 15 m x big picture ( students do n't have to state ) : nuclei are very small , very much smaller than the total size of the Which of the following best describes a conceptual model of an atom? 129) Which of the following is a property of light? The atomic radius of an Iron atom is about 30,000 times the size. 8 What would an atom look like if it was a marble? If the abundance of the boron atom with a mass of 11 amu is 18.9 percent and the abundance of the other isotope is 81.1 percent, what would be the average mass of the boron atom? Which change happens when a substance melts? One angstrom equals 1/10,000,000 or 0.0000000001 m. The metric system makes it easy to convert between units because it is based on powers of 10. In this case, volume off nucleus that is equal to four punchy by and radius of Nicolas is equal to duty is off this one to the poverty upon while you off their term it will be called to four upon three times by times Here, New radius is Ah and our So the power three Let this is named this equation. B) Energy comes in discrete packets of a certain minimum size. Atomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus. So we have radius our baseball equal to seven pointy centimeter upon to which is equal to 3.6 centimeter are we can ride. If the atom was the size of a Baseball stadium, the nucleus What is the best estimate of the capacity of a juice box? Rank the three subatomic particles in order of increasing mass: (a) neutron, (b) proton, (c) electron. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. 40) What subatomic particle by itself is least affected by electromagnetic radiation? Thus, the correct answer is Option C. Note: Yale University: The Size of Matte: Why Properties Change in the Nanoscale, National Nanotechnology Initiative: Size of the Nanoscale, Micrometer = 1/1,000,000 m = 0.000001 m = 10-6 m, Nanometer = 1/1,000,000,000 m = 0.000000001 m = 10-9 m, Angstrom = 1/10,000,000,000 m = 0.00000000001 m = 10-10 m. The props aren't necessary, but they help visualization.
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